Traffic Giant Crack And Patch
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The water that penetrates the pavement can be accomplished through several pathways, although most of it originates from three sources: natural water, sheeting water, and rainwater,[4] all of which contain unique structures. Natural water consists of dissolved salt and minerals and is ubiquitous in regions where water exists in combination with rock. Sheeting water is hydrophilic water that forms on a windshield of a vehicle that has been out in the elements. Rainwater is the largest source of water that penetrates the pavement; rainwater comprises around 90% of all water on pavement.
The empirical principles by which these two destructive agents work continue to be debated. Some researchers suggest that ice sheets are responsible for up to 75% of all pothole formation, especially on older roads. Military researchers suggest a far more ancient damage mechanism called "crocodile cracking" that causes the formation of microscopic fractures in the road surface caused by hydrostatic shock. The origin of this damage mechanism is in geologic events that happened more than 100 million years ago and was discovered only as the Corps of Engineers explored the thermonuclear test site at the Nevada Test Site. The formations and fissures at the test site were found to be diagnostic of convergent tectonic events.
The Army Corps of Engineers suggests that the forces that cause potholes arise primarily from water and traffic and that there is only a relatively small amount of evidence linking ice sheet formation to pothole formation.
Traffic, in particular, is easily the number one reason for pothole formation, with one-third of the nation's traffic causing pothole formation. A study conducted by the Army Corps of Engineers found that over 90% of potholes were the result of crashes and that roughly half of the roadways visited had no maintenance work in more than 10 years. The isolated factor of lack of road maintenance has been estimated to cost the average family $369 per year for damages to automotive parts.[5] Yet, the amount of vehicles using local thoroughfares is reaching new highs, and the numbers of vehicles on these roads is projected to increase by 21% by 2035. d2c66b5586